Astrophysics & Particle Physics-APPC 2026

Neutrino Multimessenger Astronomy is an emerging field in astrophysics that studies cosmic neutrinos in conjunction with other astrophysical signals, including electromagnetic radiation and gravitational waves. Neutrinos are nearly massless, neutral particles that can travel vast distances without being absorbed or deflected, allowing scientists to probe extreme environments in the universe.This field focuses on identifying astrophysical sources of high-energy neutrinos, such as supernovae, neutron star mergers, gamma-ray bursts, and active galactic nuclei. By observing neutrinos alongside photons and gravitational waves, researchers can construct a more complete picture of the most energetic cosmic events, advancing the understanding of stellar evolution, compact object mergers, and particle acceleration mechanisms.Neutrino detectors, such as IceCube in Antarctica, KM3NeT in the Mediterranean, and Super-Kamiokande in Japan, use massive volumes of water or ice to capture the faint signals produced when neutrinos interact with matter.

These detectors provide directional and energy information, allowing astronomers to pinpoint cosmic sources and study their properties.Multimessenger observations are particularly powerful in understanding cataclysmic events. For example, the detection of neutrinos in coincidence with gravitational waves from a neutron star merger allows scientists to study the production of heavy elements, relativistic jets, and the dynamics of the explosion. Such coordinated observations also help constrain theoretical models of high-energy astrophysical processes.Neutrino multimessenger astronomy bridges particle physics and astrophysics, offering insights into the fundamental properties of neutrinos while probing the universe’s most extreme environments. It our understanding of cosmic particle acceleration, the origin of cosmic rays, and the role of neutrinos in shaping astrophysical phenomena.As detector sensitivity and observational networks improve, neutrino multimessenger astronomy promises to expand our knowledge of the universe, enabling scientists to uncover previously hidden processes and providing a new window into the physics of high-energy cosmic events.