Astrophysics & Particle Physics-APPC 2026

Quantum Gravity is a new area of theoretical physics that seeks to combine the theories of general relativity, which deals with gravitation and large-scale structure, with quantum mechanics, which applies at the microscopic level. This reunification is crucial in order to comprehend phenomena for which both quantum effects and gravity are important, e.g., black holes, the very early universe, and the Planck scale.One of the methods of quantum gravity is string theory, which describes the basic particles as one-dimensional strings whose vibration sets particle characteristics.

String theory naturally includes gravity and has the possibility of unifying all the fundamental forces within a unified framework. Another leading strategy is loop quantum gravity, which quantizes space-time itself and suggests that space consists of discrete loops or networks on the very smallest distances.White paper: Quantum gravity research investigates black hole physics, such as the structure of singularities and the information paradox, and the behavior of space-time at the Planck scale. It also attempts to describe quantum fluctuations in the early universe that seeded galaxy and large-scale cosmic structure formation.While experimental confirmation is still difficult, indirect signatures from gravitational waves, cosmic microwave background radiation, and high-energy astrophysical events place constraints on models of quantum gravity. Scientists employ sophisticated mathematical formulations, computer simulations, and philosophical thought experiments to explore the deep nature of space, time, and gravity.

Penetrating quantum gravity has strong implications for cosmology and particle physics, with the potential to account for the origins of the universe, black hole dynamics, and the unification of forces. In filling in the gap between general relativity and quantum mechanics, quantum gravity is one of the greatest and most captivating endeavors of contemporary physics, advancing our understanding of the universe and its underlying laws.